Prepare the fat: Clean 2 ½ pounds pork back fat thoroughly—remove any skin, bristles, or bone fragments. Decide whether to trim off meat. Leaving a bit of pinkish meat adds flavor, but trimming it makes the cracklings softer. Slightly chill the fat in the freezer to firm it up for easier cutting. Cut into uniform ½-inch (1 cm) cubes for even rendering.
Choose the right pot: Use a large, wide pot with a thick bottom (cast iron with enamel is ideal). Make sure your stovetop heats the entire base of the pot evenly.
Start the rendering: Add all cubed fat to the pot before turning on the heat. Pour in ½ cup water to prevent early burning. Heat over medium-high until the water starts to boil.
Reduce heat & stir: Once boiling, reduce heat to third. Stir frequently to prevent sticking and ensure even cooking.
Remove lard gradually: As the lard melts and rises, ladle it out into clean jars. Always leave some lard in the pot to protect the cracklings from burning.
Finish rendering: Cracklings will rustle and turn light golden—keep stirring gently. When they are golden brown and no more lard is released, test by cutting one open; there should be no raw fat inside.
Strain & store: Strain the remaining lard and cracklings through a metal strainer (never plastic). Let the lard cool, then seal it in jars. Place the cracklings in a separate bowl.