Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and set it aside.
Prepare the dough: In a large bowl, combine 2 cups all-purpose flour and ¼ teaspoon salt. Add the softened, sliced 2 ¼ sticks unsalted butter and 9 ounces farmers cheese. Use a fork to roughly mix the ingredients together, then switch to your hands and knead the dough quickly until it forms a smooth ball.
Chill the dough: Wrap the dough tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 2 hours. You can also leave it in the fridge overnight.
Divide and soften: After chilling, divide the dough into three equal parts. Let them sit at room temperature for about 20 minutes to soften slightly before rolling.
Roll and cut: On a lightly floured surface, roll out one portion of the dough. Dust the surface and dough lightly with flour and turn the dough regularly to prevent sticking. Roll it to about ⅛ inch (3 mm) thick.
Shape the crescents: Use a round cookie cutter (about 3 inches / 7.5 cm in diameter) to cut out rounds. Place about ½ teaspoon of plum butter in the center of each round. Fold the dough over the filling to create a crescent shape. Press the edges firmly with a fork to seal. Transfer the crescents to the prepared baking sheet.
Re-roll scraps: Gather any leftover dough, form it into a ball, roll it out again, and cut more rounds. If the dough becomes too soft or sticky to handle, return it to the refrigerator for a few minutes to firm up.
Bake: Preheat the oven to
320 °F with a fan (convection) or
340 °F for upper and lower heat. Bake the crescents for about 15 minutes, or until lightly golden on the bottom. Coat with sugar: Let the baked crescents cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes. While they are still warm, gently coat them in powdered sugar—or vanilla sugar for extra flavor.
Repeat: Continue the process with the remaining dough portions until all the crescents are baked and coated.